During the 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Summit in Tianjin, China, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi was frequently seen in close discussions with Russian President Vladimir Putin. This visible camaraderie has drawn sharp criticism from the United States.
US Accusations
US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent expressed concerns that India’s interactions with Russia, particularly the purchase and resale of Russian oil, are contributing to Russia’s military efforts in Ukraine. He labeled India as a “bad actor” in this context. Additionally, former US trade advisor Peter Navarro criticized Modi’s engagements with Putin and Chinese President Xi Jinping, suggesting that India should align more closely with the US and its allies.
India’s Position
India maintains that its foreign policy is independent and driven by national interests. The country continues to engage with Russia, particularly in energy sectors, while also strengthening ties with Western nations. India’s strategic autonomy allows it to navigate complex international relationships without being constrained by bloc politics. 
